1 As with the precedent that began in Siu Lim Tao, clear your mind of all ‘little thoughts’. Prepare yourself to practise Chum Kiu in the right frame of mind.

2 Stand with your feet together, arms by your side with the body relaxed and clear of those distracting thoughts.

3 Lift your arms up, elbows back and pulled in, the hands closed as fists and brought to chest height, level with the front of the chest, remember that the forearms are held horizontal with the wrists straight so the bone structure is linear from knuckle to elbow.

4 Hold the arm position and bend the knees, dropping down until the toes are still slightly visible over the knees. Do not sit down too far as this will stress the knees incorrectly with the possibility of injury in later life. Sitting down too far also shifts the centre of gravity over the toes, which causes difficulty when trying to turn in the stance.

5 The last two stages of forming the stance can be performed simultaneously, though this is not essential as there is no hidden technique.

6 Maintaining the same level with the knees bent, push the toes out as far as possible while keeping the soles of the feet in contact with the floor; the heels are used as a point to pivot around.

7 Next use the balls of the feet as pivots to push the heels out, keep contact with the floor throughout the movement. When the move is completed the insides of the heels should be a shoulders width apart and the knees at one fist distance. The hips are pushed forward, so that a straight line is created between the shoulders and the knee. Balance is held over the heels, never the toes, tension is expressed in the muscles of the whole of the leg, developing strength in the stance throughout the whole of Chum Kiu.

8 Put the arms out down and forward into the CROSSED GAUN SAU position, with the arms slightly bent, crossing the forearms just above the wrist, the wrists held at waist level with the left arm always on top.

9 Maintaining the elbow position, lift the forearms up while rotating the hands so the palms face up.

10 The movement is complete when the hands are in a CROSSED TAN SAU position. Now the left is on the inside with the forearms crossing at the wrist, with the wrists at shoulder level.

11 Pull the arms back to the rest position at the side of the chest. Use the hesitation between movements to correct alignment and stance.

12 Remember that the CROSSED GAUN SAU and CROSSED TAN SAU are not applications as they are used to define your centreline.

13 Bring the left hand out as a vertical fist onto the centreline in front of the solar plexus with the elbow in its natural position at the side of the body.

14 Push the wrist out straight along the centreline using the elbow to drive out through the forearm and wrist, pay attention to the alignment of the bone structure from elbow to little knuckle, especially across the wrist. The energy of the movement changes in the last few inches as tension is brought into the arm with the hand in the vertical fist position concentrating the energy in the bottom three knuckles, executing a BASIC PUNCH.

15 Open the hand palm up.

16 Pull the fingers back toward the body while keeping the rest of the arm stationary, creating tension in the forearm to prepare for the slow clockwise rotation of the hand as a HUEN SAU.

17 Keep the tension in the HUEN SAU until the hand reaches a point naturally where it cannot rotate any further without disrupting posture then relax.

18Close the hand as a horizontal fist.

19 Pull the arm back to the rest position with the fist level with the front of the chest and the forearm horizontal.

20 The right fist is now brought onto the centreline in front of the solar plexus with the fist held vertically.

21 The fist travels out along the centreline with the arm relaxed. Take care that the elbow is held on the PLANE OF MOVEMENT on a line drawn between the shoulder and the fist. The further the elbow is off the plane the weaker the structure of the punch and the more the ribs are exposed.

22 Energy is expressed as a centreline punch through rapid total tension in the arm in the last few inches.

23 Whereas in Siu Lim Tao we describe the use of tension in the last six inches, now you must refine your energy by focusing the tension in just the last few inches, to result in developing your power and increasing the efficiency of energy transfer, ultimately you will be able to focus your energy at the point of contact.

24 Open the hand palm up.

25 Pull the fingers back keeping the elbow locked out and slowly execute a HUEN SAU with tension.

26 Continue the rotation until the hand reaches its natural stop point and relax.

27 Close the hand as a horizontal fist.

28 Return the arm to the rest position at the side of the chest. Run a check on posture and position.

29 Open both of the hands relaxed and lift them up and out.

30 Keeping the arms relaxed raise the wrist to shoulder level with the forearms slightly forward of the vertical, with the wrists relaxed the hands drop so that the fingers are more horizontally forward while the palms are in the vertical plane. This relaxed position is the DING SAU or HIGH FOOK SAU .

31The arms are projected out still relaxed and the fingers are raised as the wrists are pushed out forward.

32 Thrust out in the last few inches, concentrating energy in the palm heel of the hand as a VERTICAL BIU SAU.

33 Turn toward a left stance while bringing both arms into a DOUBLE LAN SAU position with the left arm on top.

34 Complete the 90-degree turn to a left stance, sitting low with all of your weight on the right leg. Shoulders are over the heels and the forearms horizontal at upper chest level, fingertips to elbows without the arms touching.

35 Shift your weight toward the left leg as you turn the body while maintaining the DOUBLE LAN SAU position to prepare to turn to a right stance.

36 Pivoting on your heel continue to turn, both feet move simultaneously as you progressively place more weight onto the left leg, take care to keep a low stance throughout.

37 Complete the 180-degree turn to the right stance, so that all of your weight is now on the left leg. Hold the DOUBLE LAN SAU position with the left arm on top throughout the movement.

38 Initiate the turn back to a left stance by shifting your weight toward the right leg as you rotate the body pivoting on the heels.

39Throughout the turn the DOUBLE LAN SAU is held and the height of the stance is kept constant, there must be no bouncing up and down while moving from left stance to right and vice versa.

40 Return to the left stance with all your weight on the right leg, arms still in the DOUBLE LAN SAU position.

41 Remaining stationary in your stance, relax the hands out from the DOUBLE LAN SAU position while the elbows drop toward the centreline.

42In the last few inches of the movement the arms are flicked into with no tension involved. The elbows are relaxed toward the centreline, not forced, as this would stress the shoulder and weaken the structure. The forearms are parallel with the hands relaxed in the DOUBLE DING SAU position, or HIGH FOOK SAU .

43 Change the DOUBLE DING SAU into a DOUBLE TAN SAU by turning the hands to the palm up position as you drop the elbows toward each other until they are parallel.

44 Turn the right hand so that the palm faces down as the arm is drawn back slightly while the left forearm drops down a few inches with the hand angling down from the wrist.

45 Concentrate on feeling the in the wrists of both hands as the right wrist is pulled back and drops down toward the left elbow as a JUT SAU, simultaneously lift the left wrist as a TOK SAU. The energies are similar in that they are short sharp expressions of energy, only in opposite directions.

46 Relax the arms and draw the left arm back toward the body as the forearm rotates so that the palm faces down, at the same time the right arm extends out with the elbow coming in toward the centreline and the hand turns to face palm up.

47 The energies expressed in the arms are now reversed, with the left wrist pulled back sharply toward the right elbow as a JUT SAU and the left hand lifted as a TOK SAU energy.

48 Rotate the arms again so that the right palm faces down and the left palm faces up, this has the effect of bringing the left elbow in toward the centreline while the right elbow drifts out so that it ends up in line with the shoulder on the outer-gate line.

49 A right JUT SAU and left TOK SAU energy are expressed in the last few inches to complete the movement.

50 Relax the arms and push the right hand out along the centreline as a vertical palm. The left hand drops and is brought back passively along the centreline.

51 The right hand completes its movement by thrusting out in the last few inches as a VERTICAL PALM STRIKE while the left arm simultaneously takes up a passive WU SAU position in front of the solar plexus on the centreline.

52 Relax the tension from the right arm and drop the hand slightly; this opens up the path along the centreline for the left palm to progress.

53 Extend the left arm out relaxed as a vertical palm while bringing the right hand back toward you on the centreline.

54 Execute a left VERTICAL PALM STRIKE with the energy expressed in the last few inches. The right hand returns relaxed back to the WU SAU position. It is important to isolate the use of energy in the two arms, the VERTICAL PALM STRIKE is an active movement using total tension and power, whereas the WU SAU is brought back passively, merely relaxed back to position rather than pulled back with energy. This is a characteristic of returning to the WU SAU position that is not just true in this instance, but in all movements involving an active use of energy in one hand and a return to the WU SAU with the other hand.

55 Push the right hand out relaxed for the third and final VERTICAL PALM STRIKE as the left hand is dropped and pulled back passively.

56 The right hand continues out until it is a few inches from full extension while the left hand is pulled back toward the rest position at the side of the chest.

57 When the right hand is thrust out as a VERTICAL PALM STRIKE the left arm is pulled back actively into the rest position expressing energy in the elbow in the last few inches.

58 Shift your weight toward the left leg and begin to turn to the right, at the same time the right arm bends while staying in the horizontal plane as the hand drops at the wrist to face palm down and in line with the forearm. Although the arm is in the LAN SAU position, it is just held there relaxed with no energy. The left arm remains in the rest position.

59 Complete the 180-degree turn into the right stance, so that all of your weight is now on the left leg. The right arm is now in the LAN SAU position with tension throughout the arm; the forearm is horizontal at high chest level, square onto the chest forming a right angle with the upper arm. The directional energy in the LAN SAU is created through the turning of the stance and not by an exaggerated arm movement.

60 Holding the stance and LAN SAU position, bring the left hand out as a TAN SAU on top of the LAN SAU on your centreline. The hand positions are held with no tension or energy expressed in the arms.

61 Shift your weight toward the right leg and start to turn to a left stance, at the same time the right wrist pushes out while lifting the elbow and the left forearm rotates as the hand becomes vertical.

62 When the turn into the left stance is complete the right arm has changed to a TURNING BONG SAU with the elbow at least at shoulder level, the forearm diagonally down and forward from the elbow. The left hand is held on the centreline as a WU SAU, half way between the body and the right forearm. Although your stance has turned through 180-degees, your centreline only shifts through 90-degress, so the upper body with the TURNING BONG SAU and WU SAU are facing forward. Learn to understand the movements through 90-degrees and 180-degrees as these will give you precise points of reference to relate to, showing whether your turning is correct or not, with perfection as your goal.

63 Both arms relax slightly from their positions as the turn to the right stance is initiated.

64 Turn into a right stance with all your weight shifting onto the left leg. The left arm is pulled back to the rest position at the side of the chest while the right arm returns to the LAN SAU position with energy expressed throughout the arm in the last few inches of the movement. It is important to co-ordinate the use of energy in the LAN SAU with the completion of the stance, if not the LAN SAU energy will not be reinforced by the momentum from your body and therefore less effective.

65 The sequence is now repeated by bringing the left arm out as a TAN SAU on the centreline on top of the LAN SAU.

66 Shift your weight toward the right leg and turn into a left stance, relax your right arm from the LAN SAU position and lift the elbow as the wrist is pushed out, the left hand is made vertical as the forearm rotates.

67 Complete the left stance; the right arm finishes in the TURNING BONG SAU position, elbow at shoulder level, the upper arm pointing forward, the wrist down and forward from the elbow with the hand in a WU SAU position.

68 Shift your weight back onto the left leg as you turn to a right stance pivoting on the heels. Relax both arms slightly from their positions as you move.

69 Concentrate on focusing your energy in the elbow as you complete the movement into a right stance, there is tension throughout the arm in the LAN SAU position. The left arm returns to the rest position at the side of the chest.

70 The sequence repeats for the third and final time with the left arm brought out as a TAN SAU to rest on the right LAN SAU.

71 Turn toward the left stance and relax the arms out forward.

72 With a completed turn all the weight is now on the right leg in a left stance, the right arm as a TURNING BONG SAU and the left arm assuming a WU SAU position. The only energies expressed in this movement should be in the stance as well as specifically in the elbow; It is a common mistake to use energy or tension in the hand or in lifting the forearm to form the TURNING BONG SAU, this is wrong and causes a misinterpretation in using the TURNING BONG SAU, you must learn to isolate your energy in the elbow leaving the forearm relaxed.

73 Initiate the turn to the right stance by shifting your weight to the left leg and relaxing the arms from their positions, changing to a right LAN SAU and the left arm pulled back to the rest position at the side of the chest.

74 Complete the turn into the right stance. The energy expressed in the LAN SAU is total and linked through the body with the stance; it is only by combining the tension in the arms and the legs through the hips and waist that any useful power can be exerted in the LAN SAU.

75 Maintain the right stance and the LAN SAU position while the left arm is brought out to rest on the LAN SAU on the centreline as a vertical fist.

76 Holding the stance and the left fist position drop the right elbow rotating the forearm so that the palm faces up and a right TAN SAU position formed.

77 Immediately after the TAN SAU position is assumed the left arm is extended out as a CENTRELINE PUNCH with the energy expressed in the last few inches, simultaneously the right arm is pulled back to the rest position at the side of the chest.

78 After the punch has been executed tension is relaxed and a BIU SAU movement initiated, the fist opens and rotates so that the hand faces palm down as you begin to turn back to a forward neutral stance.

79 When the turn into the forward neutral stance is complete the left arm continues in its movement through the horizontal plane with the elbow leading. It is the left palm heel that is the striking area, it is important to understand the path that it takes and see that it adheres to the STRAIGHT LINE THEORY, which is fundamental to Wing Chun.

80 The BIU SAU is completed with the energy expressed out sideways through the palm heel as a strike and not swinging the arms behind you.

81 Relax the arm and bring it back toward the centreline, dropping as it travels.

82 The wrist is brought onto the centreline; the hand is open and vertical with the arm relaxed.

83 The movement of the arm concludes with a JAM SAU energy expressed in the final few inches. This JAM SAU is the same as the one practised in the first third of Siu Lim Tao as opposed to that of the second third.

84 Holding the left arm in position bring the right arm out, palm up with the wrist coming to rest coming to rest on the left forearm on the centreline.

85 Push the right hand out palm up while the left arm begins to be pulled back.

86 Energy is expressed through the fingertips, in the last few inches as a palm up Biu Gee. The left arm returns to the rest position at the side of the chest.

87 Keep the elbow locked and pull the fingers back creating tension in the forearm and perform a HUEN SAU rotation.

88 Tension in the HUEN SAU continues until the hand reaches its natural stop point and then relaxes.

89 Close the hand as a horizontal fist.

90 Pull the right arm back to the rest position at the side of the chest. Check stance and position.

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